Ibyuma
Mu nganda zigezweho, guhitamo igikoresho gikwiye ni urufunguzo rwo kwemeza ubuziranenge n’umusaruro. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, n "" abahoze mu nganda "bakunze kubura iyo bahuye nibikoresho byinshi nibisabwa. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, twashyize hamwe icyerekezo cyo gutunganya ibikoresho mubikoresho 50 bisanzwe.
1. Aluminiyumu
Aluminiyumu ni ubwoko bwa aliyumu ikorwa mu gufata aluminiyumu nkibintu nyamukuru no kongeramo ibindi bintu (nkumuringa, magnesium, silicon, zinc, manganese, nibindi). Bitewe nibikorwa byayo byiza, ikoreshwa cyane mubice byinshi nkindege, ibinyabiziga, ubwubatsi nogupakira.
Ibiranga ibintu: uburemere, imbaraga nyinshi, kurwanya ruswa, gutunganya neza, amashanyarazi meza nubushyuhe.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibikoresho byihuta cyane (HSS) ibikoresho, ibyuma bya tungsten (karbide), ibikoresho bisize, ibikoresho bya diyama (PCD), nkahss twist imyitozo.
2. Ibyuma
Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ni ibyuma bivangwa na chromium bitarenze 10.5%, birwanya cyane ruswa. Ikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni nibikoresho bya shimi.
Ibiranga ibintu: kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya ubushyuhe, imbaraga za mashini nyinshi, gukomera kwiza, imikorere myiza yo gusudira.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibikoresho bya Carbide, nibyiza ibikoresho bisize (urugero: TiN, TiCN). nkaimyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
3. Umuti wa Titanium
Amavuta ya Titanium ni amavuta agizwe na titanium nibindi bintu (urugero, aluminium, vanadium) kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu kirere, mu buvuzi no mu nganda kubera imbaraga nyinshi, uburemere bworoshye ndetse no kurwanya ruswa.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, ubucucike buke, kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, modulus nkeya ya elastique.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibikoresho bidasanzwe byo gutunganya titanium, nkibikoresho bya ceramic cyangwa tungsten. KandaCarbide yamennye umwobo.
4. Carbide ya sima
Carbide ya sima ni ubwoko bwibikoresho bihuza tungsten karbide na cobalt, hamwe nuburemere bukabije cyane no kwambara birwanya, bikoreshwa cyane mugukata ibikoresho no gukuramo.
Ibiranga ibintu: ubukana bwinshi, imbaraga nyinshi, kwihanganira kwambara, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwiza, kurwanya imbaraga zo guhindura ibintu.
Ibikoresho byasabwe: PCD (polycrystalline diamant) cyangwa CBN (cubic boron nitride) ibikoresho.
5. Umuringa
Umuringa ni umusemburo ugizwe n'umuringa na zinc, ukoreshwa cyane mu gukora amashanyarazi, imiyoboro n'ibikoresho bya muzika kubera imiterere ya mashini nziza kandi irwanya ruswa.
Ibiranga ibikoresho: imashini nziza, irwanya ruswa, amashanyarazi meza nubushyuhe bwumuriro, kurwanya kwambara.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibyuma byihuta (HSS) cyangwa ibyuma bya tungsten (karbide), bishobora gutwikirwa kugirango birusheho kunanirwa kwambara. nkaUruganda rwa HSS.
6. Amavuta ashingiye kuri Nickel
Nickel ishingiye kuri alloys ni imikorere-yimikorere ikozwe muri nikel hiyongereyeho chromium, molybdenum nibindi bintu. Zifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwangirika, kandi zikoreshwa cyane mu ndege, mu kirere no mu miti.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya okiside, guhagarara neza kwubushyuhe.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibikoresho bya karbide, kuvura ibifuniko (nka TiAlN) kugirango birwanye ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwambara. nka imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
7. Umuringa
Umuringa nicyuma gifite amashanyarazi meza nubushyuhe, bikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi, ubwubatsi no guhanahana ubushyuhe.
Ibiranga ibikoresho: amashanyarazi meza nubushyuhe, kurwanya ruswa, gutunganya byoroshye, imiti yica mikorobe.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibyuma byihuta (HSS) cyangwa ibyuma bya tungsten (karbide) kugirango bikemuke neza. nka hss twist imyitozo.
8. Shira icyuma
Ibyuma bikozwe mucyuma ni ubwoko bw'icyuma kivanze na karubone nyinshi. Ifite imikorere myiza ya casting hamwe na vibration damping imikorere, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo gukora imashini, amamodoka nubwubatsi.
Ibiranga ibintu: gukomera cyane, ibintu byiza byo guterana, ibintu byiza byo kunyeganyega, kwambara birwanya, kuvunika.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibikoresho bya Carbide, mubisanzwe bidafunze cyangwa bisizwe na TiCN. nka imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
9. Superalloys
Superalloys nicyiciro cyibikoresho bifite imbaraga zubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi birwanya okiside nziza cyane, bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byindege ningufu.
Ibiranga ibikoresho: imbaraga zubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kurwanya okiside, kurwanya ibinyabuzima, kurwanya ruswa.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: CBN (cubic boron nitride) cyangwa ibikoresho bya ceramic bikwiranye no gukoresha ubu bushyuhe bwo hejuru.
10. Ibyuma bivura ubushyuhe
Ibyuma bitunganyirizwa ubushyuhe bizimya kandi biratangwa kugirango bitange imbaraga nimbaraga nyinshi, kandi bikunze gukoreshwa mubikoresho no kubumba.
Ibiranga ibintu: gukomera kwinshi, imbaraga nyinshi, kwambara birwanya, kurwanya ubushyuhe.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibikoresho bya karbide cyangwa ibikoresho bisize (urugero: TiAlN), birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwambara cyane. nka imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
11. Amavuta ya aluminium-magnesium
Amavuta ya aluminium-magnesium ashingiye kuri aluminiyumu, hiyongereyeho magnesium kugira ngo yongere imbaraga no kurwanya ruswa, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zo mu kirere no mu modoka.
Ibiranga ibintu: uburemere, imbaraga nyinshi, kurwanya ruswa, imashini nziza.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Tungsten karbide (tungsten carbide) cyangwa ibikoresho byihuta byihuta (HSS), bikunze gushyirwaho TiCN. nka hss twist imyitozo.
12. Amavuta ya Magnesium
Amavuta ya magnesium ni amavuta ashingiye kuri magnesium afite uburemere bworoshye hamwe nubukanishi bwiza, bukoreshwa cyane mu kirere no muri elegitoroniki.
Ibiranga ibintu: uburemere bworoshye, imashini nziza, uburyo bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe, gucanwa.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibyuma bya tungsten (karubide ya tungsten) cyangwa ibyuma byihuta (HSS). Ingingo yo gushonga hamwe no gutwika ibintu bigomba kwitabwaho. nka imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
13. Titanium nziza
Titanium yera ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha mu kirere, mu buvuzi no mu miti bitewe n'imbaraga zayo nyinshi, ubucucike buke ndetse no kurwanya ruswa.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, ubucucike buke, kurwanya ruswa, biocompatibilité nziza.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibikoresho byabugenewe bya karbide cyangwa ibikoresho bya ceramic bigomba kwambara birinda kandi bikumira. nka imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
14. Zinc
Amavuta ya Zinc akozwe muri zinc hiyongereyeho ibindi bintu (urugero: aluminium, umuringa) kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubice bipfa gupfa nibintu byo gushushanya.
Ibiranga ibikoresho: guta byoroshye, gushonga hasi, ibintu byiza bya mashini hamwe no kurwanya ruswa.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibyuma byihuta cyane (HSS) cyangwa ibyuma bya tungsten (tungsten carbide) ibikoresho kugirango bigabanye ingaruka nziza hamwe nubuziranenge bwubutaka. nka hss twist imyitozo.
15. Nickel-titanium ivanze (Nitinol)
Nitinol ni umusemburo ufite ingaruka zo kwibuka hamwe na superelastique, ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byubuvuzi no mu kirere.
Ibiranga ibintu: ingaruka zo kwibuka, superelastique, kurwanya ruswa nyinshi, biocompatibilité nziza.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibikoresho bya Carbide, birwanya kwambara cyane hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru burakenewe. nka imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
16. Amavuta ya magnesium-aluminium
Magnesium-aluminiyumu ikomatanya ibyiza bya magnesium na aluminium, hamwe n'uburemere bworoshye n'imbaraga nyinshi, bikoreshwa cyane mu kirere no mu nganda zitwara abantu.
Ibiranga ibintu: uburemere, imbaraga nyinshi, kurwanya ruswa, imashini nziza, gucanwa.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibyuma byihuta (HSS) cyangwa ibikoresho bya tungsten ibyuma (karbide), hitabwa ku gutwika ibintu. nka hss twist imyitozo.
17. Ibyuma bikomeye cyane
Ultra-high hardness ibyuma bivurwa byumwihariko kugirango bitange ubukana buhebuje kandi byambarwa kandi bikoreshwa muburyo bwo gukora ibikoresho.
Ibiranga ibintu: gukomera cyane, imbaraga nyinshi, kwihanganira kwambara, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) cyangwa ibikoresho bya ceramic byo gutunganya ibintu bikomeye.
18. Amavuta avanze
Amavuta ya zahabu akozwe muri zahabu avanze nibindi byuma (nka silver, umuringa) kandi bikoreshwa cyane mumitako, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nibikoresho byubuvuzi.
Ibiranga ibikoresho: amashanyarazi meza nubushyuhe, kurwanya ruswa, guhindagurika cyane, kurwanya okiside.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibyuma byihuta cyane (HSS) cyangwa ibyuma bya tungsten ibyuma (karbide) kugirango tumenye neza kandi birangire mugikorwa cyo gutema. nka imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
19. Amavuta avanze
Amavuta ya feza akozwe mu ifeza ivanze n'ibindi byuma (urugero: umuringa, zinc) kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubice byo guhuza amashanyarazi, imitako n'ibiceri.
Ibiranga ibikoresho: amashanyarazi meza nubushyuhe bwumuriro, kurwanya ruswa, guhindagurika cyane.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibyuma byihuta (HSS) cyangwa ibyuma bya tungsten (karbide), bigomba kuba bityaye kandi biramba. Kanda imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
20. Chromium-molybdenum ibyuma
Icyuma cya Chromium-molybdenum nicyuma gikomeye cyane giciriritse kirimo chromium nibintu bya molybdenum, bikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byumuvuduko, ibikoresho bya peteroli nibikoresho bya mashini.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera kwiza, kurwanya kwambara, ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwangirika.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibikoresho bya Carbide, bikwiranye nimbaraga nyinshi zivanze no gutunganya ibyuma. nka imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
Amashusho
21. Tungsten Steel
Ibyuma bya Tungsten ni umusemburo ukomeye ukozwe muri tungsten karbide na cobalt. Ifite ubukana buhebuje kandi irwanya kwambara kandi ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibikoresho byo gutema no gukuramo.
Ibiranga ibintu: Gukomera cyane, kwambara, kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, no kurwanya ihinduka.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) cyangwa diyama (PCD), ibereye gukoresha ibikoresho bikomeye.
22. Tungsten-cobalt
Tungsten-cobalt alloy ni umusemburo ukomeye urimo tungsten na cobalt ufite imbaraga nyinshi kandi ukarwanya kwambara, bikunze gukoreshwa mugukata no gusya.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, kwambara birwanya, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwiza, no kurwanya ingaruka nyinshi.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibikoresho bya karbide ya sima, birwanya kwambara nimbaraga nyinshi.
23. beryllium y'umuringa
Umuringa wa Beryllium ugizwe n'umuringa na beryllium, ufite ibikoresho byiza bya mashini hamwe n'amashanyarazi, bikoreshwa cyane mugukora amasoko, ibice byo guhuza nibikoresho.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, ubukana bwinshi, amashanyarazi meza nubushyuhe bwumuriro, kurwanya ruswa, bitari magnetique.
Ibikoresho byasabwe: ibyuma byihuta cyane (HSS) cyangwa ibyuma bya tungsten (karbide) ibikoresho kugirango bikore neza kandi birangire neza. Kanda imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
24. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane (Inconel)
Inconel ni nikel-chromium ishingiye ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane no kurwanya ruswa, ikoreshwa cyane mu kirere no mu bikoresho bya shimi.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya okiside, guhagarara neza kwubushyuhe.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibikoresho bya karbide cyangwa ibikoresho bya ceramic, kuvura imiti (nka TiAlN) kugirango wirinde ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kanda imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
25. Chromium nyinshi cyane
Icyuma kinini cya chromium ni ubwoko bwicyuma kirimo ibintu byinshi bya chromium, hamwe no kwambara neza no kurwanya ruswa, bikunze gukoreshwa mubikoresho byangiza no kwambara ibice.
Ibiranga ibintu: gukomera kwinshi, kwihanganira kwambara cyane, kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya okiside.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibikoresho bya karbide cyangwa CBN (cubic boron nitride) ibikoresho byo gukomera cyane ibikoresho byuma. Kanda imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
26. Icyuma kinini cya manganese
Ibyuma bya manganese birebire ni ubwoko bwimyambarire myinshi hamwe ningaruka zikomeye zicyuma, zikoreshwa cyane mumashini yubucukuzi nibikoresho bya gari ya moshi.
Ibiranga ibintu: kwihanganira kwambara cyane, imbaraga nyinshi, kurwanya ingaruka nziza, kwambara gukomera.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibikoresho bya Carbide, birinda kwambara n'imbaraga nyinshi. Kanda imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
27. Amavuta ya Molybdenum
Amavuta ya Molybdenum arimo ibintu bya molybdenum, bifite imbaraga nyinshi nubukomere bwinshi, kandi bikunze gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byubatswe mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bukomeye cyane.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, ubukana bwinshi, kurwanya neza ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya ruswa.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibikoresho bya Carbide, bikwiranye nimbaraga nyinshi hamwe nibikoresho bikomeye byo gukomera. Kanda imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
28. Icyuma cya Carbone
Ibyuma bya karubone nicyuma kirimo karubone hagati ya 0,02% na 2,11%. Imiterere yacyo iratandukanye ukurikije ibirimo karubone kandi isanzwe ikoreshwa mubwubatsi, ibiraro, ibinyabiziga no kubaka ubwato.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera hamwe na plastike, bihendutse, byoroshye gusudira no kuvura ubushyuhe.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibyuma byihuta (HSS) cyangwa ibikoresho bya karbide mugukora ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone.
29. Ibyuma biciriritse
Ibyuma biciriritse ni ibyuma bifite imitungo byongerewe imbaraga hiyongereyeho ibintu bike bivanga (urugero: chromium, nikel, molybdenum) kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubuhanga bwubukanishi nubwubatsi.
Ibiranga ibikoresho: imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera kwiza, kwambara birwanya, gutunganya byoroshye.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: ibyuma byihuta (HSS) cyangwa ibikoresho bya karbide yo gutunganya rusange. Kanda imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
30. Ibyuma bikomeye
Ibyuma-bikomeye cyane bivurwa nubushyuhe cyangwa ibivanze byongeweho kugirango ubone imbaraga nimbaraga zikomeye, kandi bikunze gukoreshwa mubikorwa byimodoka nubwubatsi.
Ibiranga ibintu: imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera cyane, kwambara birwanya, gukomera.
Ibikoresho bisabwa: Ibikoresho bya Carbide yo kwihanganira kwambara n'imbaraga nyinshi. Kanda imyitozo ya karbide ikomeye.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-17-2024
